Peptide - Renew Health Clinic

What is a Peptide?

Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Typically, peptides contain less than 50 amino acids. Anything larger is considered a protein.

Peptides play several critical roles in the human body:

• Cell signaling - Peptides act as chemical messengers allowing cells to communicate. For example, insulin is a peptide hormone that regulates glucose levels.
• Immune defense - Antimicrobial peptides kill bacteria, viruses, and fungi to protect the body against infection.
• Enzyme regulation - Some peptides regulate enzyme activity critical for bodily functions.

How are peptides formed?

Peptides form when amino acids link together via peptide bonds. This process, called translation, takes place on ribosomes. The order of amino acids is determined by genes.

Over 500 natural amino acids exist, but only 20 make up peptides and proteins in the human body. The sequence and number of amino acids ultimately determine each peptide's structure and function.

Key differences between peptides and proteins

• Size - Peptides contain less than 50 amino acids; proteins have over 50.
• Structure - The small size of peptides does not allow for complex shapes like the 3D structure of large proteins.
• Function - Size limits the possible functions of peptides versus larger, more complex proteins.

Examples of peptides

• Oxytocin - the "love hormone" important for social bonding
• Endorphins - "feel-good" peptides that act as natural pain relievers
• Amylin - regulates glucose levels along with insulin
• Defensins - antimicrobial peptides that kill bacteria and viruses

Peptide supplements

Peptide supplements have gained popularity for muscle building, recovery, aging, and weight loss. However, more research is needed on their efficacy and long-term safety.

• Common peptide supplements: collagen peptides for skin and joint health; Thymosin beta-4 to regulate immune cells.
• Talk to your doctor at Renew Health Clinic before taking any peptide supplement to make sure it's safe and beneficial for your situation. Beware of peptide products marketed without research or oversight.